What is high blood pressure?

What is HBP?

HBP

HBP, or High Blood Pressure, is a chronic health condition characterized by elevated blood pressure levels. It is also known as hypertension. There are two types of HBP: primary (essential hypertension) and secondary hypertension. Primary hypertension is usually a result of genetic factors and develops gradually over time. Secondary hypertension is linked to other health conditions.

How can you determine if you have hypertension?

The best way to identify if you have hypertension is by regularly checking your blood pressure. This can be done in a healthcare provider's office or at home. Multiple readings showing high blood pressure levels confirm the diagnosis.

How do you check your blood pressure?

If you are using a manual blood pressure machine cuff, you will also need a stereoscope. However, if you are using an electronic blood pressure machine, a stereoscope is not required.

Here is the process of checking your blood pressure: Wrap the blood pressure machine cuff around the upper arm. Use your right hand to pump air into the machine until it reaches the optimum level. Then, release the air slowly by undoing the pin close to the rubber tube with your right hand. As the air releases, the blood pressure starts to drop.

The blood pressure measurement when the blood contracts against the artery wall is called systolic. If you are using a manual blood pressure machine, you can hear the systolic beats with a stereoscope. However, an electronic blood pressure machine automatically reads both systolic and diastolic. The second reading you hear is the diastolic pressure, which is when the blood is in a resting phase after contraction.

What are the symptoms of hypertension?

Some symptoms associated with hypertension include severe headaches, chest pain (feeling like someone is stepping on your chest), shortness of breath, and dizziness. It's important to note that experiencing these symptoms does not automatically mean you have high blood pressure. However, when these symptoms are present, it is highly recommended to check your blood pressure.

What are the different categories of blood pressure readings?

The following categories outline blood pressure readings and corresponding modification plans:

1. Normal blood pressure: less than 120 (systolic) and less than 80 (diastolic).

 

2. Pre-hypertension: 130/90. Engage in lifestyle modification programs, such as fast walking for 60 minutes a day.

 

3. High blood pressure: 140/90. For older individuals, these readings may be considered normal given their age. However, it is still beneficial to engage in physical activity like power walking to lower blood pressure and improve overall fitness.

 

4. High blood pressure: 150/90. Similar to pre-hypertension, lifestyle modification programs should be pursued. If these measures do not effectively lower blood pressure, medical support should be sought.

It is important to consider other potential risk factors, such as socioeconomic status, medical conditions, or genetic heart conditions, and address them accordingly.

Blood pressure readings that indicate immediate medical attention are as follows:

- 160/90: High blood pressure

- 170/90: High blood pressure

- 180/90: High blood pressure

- 190/90: High blood pressure, and so on.

Treatment.

If your blood pressure is consistently at 160/90, it is advisable to see a doctor for prescription medication. Once your blood pressure is stabilized, engage in lifestyle programs such as exercise (such as fast walking), maintain a healthy diet, and manage any other factors that can trigger high blood pressure.

Take home points:

When blood pressure is consistently high, the heart has to work harder to distribute oxygen and nutrients throughout the body. This places individuals at a higher risk for heart attack, heart failure, stroke, and kidney failure. Therefore, it is crucial to manage and treat high blood pressure effectively. pressure effectively.